All posts by Abhilash Shukla

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Climate Change

Real life scenarios of drones helping in disaster response

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Drones have proven to be a valuable tool in disaster response in recent years. They can be used to quickly and efficiently survey areas affected by disasters, such as earthquakes, hurricanes, and wildfires, providing detailed information about the extent of the damage and the location of people in need of assistance. Drones equipped with cameras and other sensors can capture high-resolution images and other data that can be used to assess the damage and plan response and recovery efforts.

In addition, drones can be used to deliver supplies, such as food, water, and medical supplies, to isolated or hard-to-reach areas. They can also be used to search for survivors and provide real-time situational awareness to responders on the ground. Overall, drones have proven to be a valuable asset in disaster response efforts, helping to save lives and reduce the impact of disasters on communities.

There are many things that drones can do for responding efficiently in the case of disaster. This article will capture few of those important activities that can strengthen the disaster response using drones:

Use Case: Mapping

After a disaster strikes, drones can be a valuable tool for emergency responders. They can be used to create detailed maps of the affected areas, highlighting important resources such as hospitals and shelters, as well as evacuation routes. These maps can help responders navigate the chaos and plan for recovery efforts, as well as identify bottlenecks and optimize evacuation efforts.

Drones can also be used to map the distribution of debris, helping responders prioritize clean-up efforts and assess the risk of further damage. In this way, drones provide a bird’s-eye view that can help responders make informed decisions and respond effectively to the crisis at hand.

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Climate Change, Programming

Python code to assess carbon contribution on surface temperature

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To calculate the contribution of carbon dioxide (CO2) to the current surface temperature of the Earth, we will need to use a combination of physical principles and data on atmospheric concentrations of CO2 and other greenhouse gases. In this article we will try and understand the basics of calculating the carbon concentration affecting the surface temperature using Python programming. But, before let’s do a general outline of the steps we can follow:

  1. Determine the current atmospheric concentrations of CO2 and other greenhouse gases. We can find this information from various sources, including scientific papers, government agencies, and online databases.
  2. Calculate the global mean surface temperature of the Earth. This can be done by using temperature data from a large number of locations around the globe and averaging them.
  3. Determine the amount of energy being absorbed by the Earth’s atmosphere from the sun. This can be calculated using the solar constant, which is the amount of solar energy received by the Earth per unit area per unit time, and the Earth’s albedo, which is the fraction of solar energy reflected by the Earth’s surface and atmosphere.
  4. Calculate the amount of energy being emitted by the Earth back into space. This can be done using the Stefan-Boltzmann law, which states that the rate at which a blackbody (such as the Earth) emits energy is proportional to the fourth power of its temperature.
  5. Calculate the difference between the energy absorbed by the Earth and the energy emitted back into space. This will give us the net energy balance of the Earth, which is the excess energy that is trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere.
  6. Determine the contribution of CO2 and other greenhouse gases to the net energy balance. This can be done by using the absorption and emission spectra of these gases, which describe how they absorb and emit energy at different wavelengths. We can then calculate the amount of energy absorbed and emitted by each gas and add them up to determine the total contribution of all the gases.
  7. Calculate the warming effect of the gases by comparing the net energy balance with and without the contribution of the gases. The difference between the two will give us the warming effect of the gases.

This is a simplified version of the process that scientists use to calculate the warming effect of greenhouse gases. In practice, the calculations are more complex and may involve using advanced computer models and data from a wide range of sources.

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Programming, Science & Mathematics

Indian Traditional mathematics equations in Python Code

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Indian mathematics has a rich history dating back thousands of years. Some of the key contributions of traditional Indian mathematics include the development of the decimal place-value system and the concept of zero, as well as the development of various equations, trigonometry and algebra. In this article we will attempt to reproduce these equations using Python code.

Traditional Mathematical Equations
  1. The Pythagorean theorem
  2. Area of a triangle
  3. Area of a circle
  4. Volume of a sphere
  5. Volume of a frustum
  6. Volume of a right circular cylinder
  7. Volume of a cone
  8. Surface area of a sphere
  9. Volume of a spheroid
  10. Area of a parabolic segment
  11. Volume of a torus
  12. Volume of a hyperboloid of two sheets
  13. Closing Note: Traditional Indian Equations in Python Code

The Pythagorean theorem

The Pythagorean theorem which states that in a right triangle, the square of the length of the hypotenuse (the side opposite the right angle) is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides:

a^2 + b^2 = c^2
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Climate Change

Formulas and equations for calculating change in climate?

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There are many different ways to quantify and measure changes in climate, and different formulas and equations are used to calculate different aspects of climate change. Some of the key formulas and equations that are used to calculate changes in climate include:

  1. The Stefan-Boltzmann Law
  2. The greenhouse effect equation
  3. The equilibrium temperature equation
  4. The concentration of Greenhouse gas, or a Pollutant, or Trace gas, or Carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere, or Nitrous oxide (N2O) in the atmosphere, or SF6, etc.
  5. The global warming potential (GWP) of a greenhouse gas or a pollutant
  6. The carbon footprint of a product or activity
  7. The equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS)
  8. The atmospheric lifetime of a greenhouse gas, or a pollutant, or a trace gas, or CO2, or CH4, or N2O, or SF6, etc.
  9. The heat capacity of the Earthโ€™s oceans
  10. The global heat budget
  11. The carbon budget
  12. The ozone depletion potential (ODP) of a pollutant
  13. The radiative forcing of a trace gas, or CO2, or N2O, or SF6, etc.
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Climate Change

At current rate of climate change, by when all arctic ice will melt?

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It is difficult to predict exactly when all the Arctic ice will melt as it depends on various factors such as global greenhouse gas emissions, the rate at which the Earth’s temperature increases, and the feedback effects of the melting ice. However, it is expected that the Arctic will be free of sea ice in the summer months within the next few decades.

Sea ice extent is a measure of the area of the Earth’s oceans that is covered by sea ice. Sea ice is frozen seawater that forms in the polar regions of the Earth, and it is an important component of the Earth’s climate system. Sea ice forms in the winter when the temperature of the ocean surface drops below the freezing point of seawater, and it melts in the summer when the temperature of the ocean surface rises above the freezing point.

The Arctic sea ice has been melting at an alarming rate in recent years, with the minimum summer sea ice extent (the smallest area of sea ice that is present in the Arctic during the summer) declining by 13% per decade since the late 1970s. In September 2020, the minimum summer sea ice extent reached a new record low, with only 1.44 million square miles (3.74 million square kilometers) of ice remaining. This is the equivalent of losing an area of ice the size of Texas and Oklahoma combined every year.

This graph comparing results from climate models shows that the actual downward trend of Arctic sea ice decline continues to exceed what most models predicted.Courtesy Stroeve et al., Geophysical Research Letters

Climate change is definitely affecting winds and ocean currents, and that these changes can contribute to the melting of Arctic sea ice. As the Earth’s climate warms, it can lead to changes in atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns, which can affect the strength and direction of winds and ocean currents. These changes can also have a variety of impacts on the Earth’s climate and weather patterns.

The way the change in climate is happening, it can impact the melting of Arctic sea ice is by altering the temperature difference between the equator and the poles. As the Earth’s climate warms, the temperature difference between the equator and the poles is expected to decrease, which could lead to a slowing down of the jet streams, the wind patterns that flow from west to east around the Earth at high altitudes in the mid-latitudes. This could lead to changes in weather patterns, such as more extreme heatwaves and cold snaps in some regions.

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Climate Change

How to educate kids on climate change?

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Our kids are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change because they are still growing and developing, and their bodies and immune systems may not be fully equipped to cope with the stresses caused by extreme weather events and other consequences of climate change. Children may also be more vulnerable to the indirect impacts of climate change, such as food and water shortages and displacement caused by natural disasters. Hence, to educate kids on this topic of climate change is once of the key ask for their overall growth.

Overall, climate change can have significant negative impacts on the health, well-being, and future prospects of children, and it is important to take steps to mitigate and adapt to these impacts.

The world has already started responding towards climate change. And the era of asking the questions “Is it really required to educate my kid on climate change?” has long passed. Let’s look at some of the known information’s that has been learned in the recent past which are worth noting to help us direct and motivate to take this cause seriously:

  1. Youth engagement: According to a survey conducted by the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), 70% of young people aged 18-24 are interested in taking action to address climate change, and 59% feel a personal responsibility to do so.
  2. Climate anxiety: A study conducted by the American Psychological Association found that nearly half of young people aged 13-17 in the United States experience anxiety about climate change.
  3. Climate education: A report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) found that only 40% of schools around the world teach students about climate change.
  4. Youth activism: There has been a significant increase in youth activism related to climate change in recent years, with young people organizing protests and strikes to demand action on the issue.
  5. Impact on health: Climate change can have significant impacts on the health of young people, including increased risk of respiratory problems, heat stroke, and waterborne diseases.
  6. Impact on future opportunities: Climate change can also have negative impacts on the future opportunities of young people, such as the availability of certain types of jobs or the ability to live in certain areas.
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Climate Change

How the cost of solar energy changed over time?

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The cost of solar power has decreased significantly over time, making it more competitive with fossil fuels in many parts of the world. According to the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), the cost of solar photovoltaic (PV) technology has decreased by more than 80% since 2010, and it is expected to continue to decline in the coming years.

There are several factors that have contributed to the decrease in the cost of solar power, including:

  1. Technological improvements: Solar PV technology has improved significantly over the years, with more efficient cells and modules being developed. This has helped to reduce the cost of solar power by increasing the amount of electricity that can be generated from a given amount of solar panels.
  2. Economies of scale: As the demand for solar power has increased, the production of solar panels and other components has increased, leading to economies of scale and lower costs.
  3. Government incentives: Many governments around the world have implemented policies and incentives to encourage the adoption of solar power, such as subsidies, tax credits, and feed-in tariffs. These measures have helped to reduce the upfront cost of solar power for consumers and businesses.
  4. Increased competition: As the solar industry has grown, the number of companies producing solar panels and other components has increased, leading to increased competition and lower prices.

It is worth noting that the cost of solar power can vary significantly depending on the location and the specific circumstances of each project. Factors such as the quality of the solar resource, the cost of financing, and the availability of subsidies and incentives can all affect the cost of solar power.

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Climate Change

Landscape of India on Climate Change (leaders, culture, infra, tech)

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India is a country with a diverse landscape and a rich culture, and it is facing a number of challenges related to climate change. The country’s leaders have recognized the importance of addressing climate change and have taken a number of steps to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to the impacts of a changing climate. These efforts have included the development of clean energy technologies, such as solar and wind power, as well as the implementation of policies to promote energy efficiency and conservation. However, India’s rapid economic growth and increasing population have also contributed to the country’s emissions, and more work is needed to address this challenge.

Additionally, India’s infrastructure and technology must be adapted to better cope with the impacts of climate change, such as extreme weather events and rising sea levels. Some of the key actions taken by the country include:

  1. Expanding renewable energy: India has implemented initiatives such as the National Solar Mission and the Renewable Energy Certificate (REC) mechanism to increase the use of renewable energy in the country.
  2. Improving energy efficiency: India has implemented programs such as the Perform, Achieve, Trade (PAT) scheme to encourage industries to improve their energy efficiency.
  3. Promoting low-carbon transportation: India is working to increase the adoption of low-carbon transportation options, such as electric vehicles (EVs), through initiatives like the Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of (Hybrid &) Electric Vehicles (FAME) scheme.
  4. Protecting and enhancing forests: India is taking steps to protect and enhance its forest cover through programs like the National Afforestation and Eco-development Board (NAEB) and the Green India Mission.
  5. Implementing adaptation measures: India is also implementing adaptation measures, such as early warning systems for extreme weather events and climate-resilient infrastructure projects, to help the country cope with the impacts of climate change.

These efforts demonstrate India’s commitment to addressing the challenges of climate change and building a more sustainable future.

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Business, Climate Change

How climate change can impact currency?

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Climate change can have significant impacts on a country’s economy, including its currency, through changes in the physical environment, such as increased frequency and intensity of natural disasters, sea level rise, and variations in temperature and rainfall patterns. These physical impacts can affect investments, human capital development, and economic growth, and can also lead to increased sovereign borrowing costs and asset value declines.

Some countries, particularly low-income and developing countries, may be more vulnerable to the physical impacts of climate change due to their lack of resources and infrastructure to prepare for and respond to disasters.

A framework can be created to analyze the physical risks of climate change on a country’s currency by using data on a country’s vulnerability to climate change, which is determined by its exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity to these impacts. This vulnerability can be validated and mapped to economic losses and human lives affected by natural disasters.

The physical impacts of climate change are expected to increase in the future, and it is important for countries to consider these risks in their economic planning and decision-making.

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Climate Change

What is the impact of a war on climate change?

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The impact of war on the environment is immeasurable and far-reaching. The production of military equipment and the conduct of military operations can result in significant carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, which contribute to the dangerous phenomenon of climate change.

Take the production of a fighter jet, for instance, which alone can release tens of thousands of tons of CO2 into the atmosphere. The manufacturing of other weapons of war, such as tanks and missiles, also adds significantly to the carbon footprint. Transportation of military personnel and equipment, as well as the reliance on fossil fuels during military operations, further exacerbates the situation.

Russian-Ukrainian War 2022 and its impact on Climate Change (A Personal Note)
Whatโ€™s happening in Ukraine is really devastating. I believe that the world is moving in the direction of its total destruction. It is a tough statement to make, but I truly believe that, and I believe it for various reasons. Climate Change is among those important ones which are knocked up by this Russian-Ukrainian war. […]

In the face of this dire reality, it is imperative that we find ways to reduce the carbon footprint of war. Minimizing the use of non-renewable fuels and exploring sustainable alternatives should be given top priority in our quest to protect the environment and ensure a healthier future for all.

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